# Appendix D. Gradle Command Line

The gradle command has the following usage:

`gradle` [option...] [task...]

The command-line options available for the gradle command are listed below:

`-?`, `-h`, `--help`

  Shows a help message.

`-a`, `--no-rebuild`

  Do not rebuild project dependencies.

`--all`

  Shows additional detail in the task listing. See Section 4.7.2, “Listing tasks”.

`-b`, `--build-file`

  Specifies the build file. See Section 4.5, “Selecting which build to execute”.

`-c`, `--settings-file`

  Specifies the settings file.

`--console`

  Specifies which type of console output to generate.

  Set to `plain` to generate plain text only. This option disables all color and other rich output in the console output.

  Set to `auto` (the default) to enable color and other rich output in the console output when the build process is attached to a console, or to generate plain text only when not attached to a console.

  Set to `rich` to enable color and other rich output in the console output, regardless of whether the build process is not attached to a console. When not attached to a console, the build output will use ANSI control characters to generate the rich output.

`--continue`

  Continues task execution after a task failure.

`--configure-on-demand (incubating)`

  Only relevant projects are configured in this build run. This means faster builds for large multi-projects. See the section called “Configuration on demand”.

`-D`, `--system-prop`

  Sets a system property of the JVM, for example `-Dmyprop=myvalue`. See Section 12.2, “Gradle properties and system properties”.

`-d`, `--debug`

  Log in debug mode (includes normal stacktrace). See Chapter 23, Logging.

`-g`, `--gradle-user-home`

  Specifies the Gradle user home directory. The default is the `.gradle` directory in the user's home directory.

`--gui`

  Launches the Gradle GUI. See Chapter 11, Using the Gradle Graphical User Interface.

`--include-build`

  Run the build as a composite, including the specified build. See Chapter 10, Composite builds.

`-I`, `--init-script`

  Specifies an initialization script. See Chapter 43, Initialization Scripts.

`-i`, `--info`

  Set log level to info. See Chapter 23, Logging.

`-m`, `--dry-run`

  Runs the build with all task actions disabled. See Section 4.8, “Dry Run”.

`--offline`

  Specifies that the build should operate without accessing network resources. See Section 24.9.2, “Command line options to override caching”.

`-P`, `--project-prop`

  Sets a project property of the root project, for example `-Pmyprop=myvalue`. See Section 12.2, “Gradle properties and system properties”.

`-p`, `--project-dir`

  Specifies the start directory for Gradle. Defaults to current directory. See Section 4.5, “Selecting which build to execute”.

`--parallel (incubating)`

  Build projects in parallel. Gradle will attempt to determine the optimal number of executor threads to use. This option should only be used with decoupled projects (see Section 25.9, “Decoupled Projects”). For limitations of this option please see Section 25.8, “Parallel project execution”.

`--max-workers (incubating)`

  Sets the maximum number of workers that Gradle may use. For example`--max-workers=3`. The default is the number of processors.

`--profile`

  Profiles build execution time and generates a report in the ``buildDir`/reports/profile` directory. See Section 4.7.8, “Profiling a build”.

`--project-cache-dir`

  Specifies the project-specific cache directory. Default value is `.gradle` in the root project directory.

`-q`, `--quiet`

  Log errors only. See Chapter 23, Logging.

`--recompile-scripts`

  Forces scripts to be recompiled, bypassing caching.

`--refresh-dependencies`

  Refresh the state of dependencies. See Section 24.9.2, “Command line options to override caching”.

`--rerun-tasks`

  Specifies that any task optimization is ignored.

`-S`, `--full-stacktrace`

  Print out the full (very verbose) stacktrace for any exceptions. See Chapter 23, Logging.

`-s`, `--stacktrace`

  Print out the stacktrace also for user exceptions (e.g. compile error). See Chapter 23, Logging.

`-t`, `--continuous (incubating)`

  Enables continuous building - Gradle will automatically re-run when changes are detected.

`-u`, `--no-search-upwards`

  Don't search in parent directories for a `settings.gradle` file.

`-v`, `--version`

  Prints version info.

`-x`, `--exclude-task`

  Specifies a task to be excluded from execution. See Section 4.2, “Excluding tasks”.

The above information is printed to the console when you execute `gradle -h`.

## D.1. Daemon command-line options

The Chapter 6, The Gradle Daemon contains more information about the daemon. For example it includes information how to turn on the daemon by default so that you can avoid using `--daemon` all the time.

`--daemon`

  Uses the Gradle daemon to run the build. Starts the daemon if not running or existing daemon busy. Chapter 6, The Gradle Daemon contains more detailed information when new daemon processes are started.

`--foreground`

  Starts the Gradle daemon in the foreground. Useful for debugging or troubleshooting because you can easily monitor the build execution.

`--no-daemon`

  Do not use the Gradle daemon to run the build. Useful occasionally if you have configured Gradle to always run with the daemon by default.

`--stop`

  Stops the Gradle daemon if it is running. You can only stop daemons that were started with the Gradle version you use when running `--stop`.

## D.2. System properties

The following system properties are available for the gradle command. Note that command-line options take precedence over system properties.

`gradle.user.home`

  Specifies the Gradle user home directory.

The Section 12.1, “Configuring the build environment via gradle.properties” contains specific information about Gradle configuration available via system properties.

## D.3. Environment variables

The following environment variables are available for the gradle command. Note that command-line options and system properties take precedence over environment variables.

`GRADLE_OPTS`

  Specifies command-line arguments to use to start the JVM. This can be useful for setting the system properties to use for running Gradle. For example you could set `GRADLE_OPTS="-Dorg.gradle.daemon=true"` to use the Gradle daemon without needing to use the `--daemon` option every time you run Gradle. Section 12.1, “Configuring the build environment via gradle.properties” contains more information about ways of configuring the daemon without using environmental variables, e.g. in more maintainable and explicit way.

`GRADLE_USER_HOME`

  Specifies the Gradle user home directory (which defaults to “`USER_HOME/.gradle`” if not set).

`JAVA_HOME`

  Specifies the JDK installation directory to use.