// Copyright (C) 2024 Gradle, Inc.
//
// Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.;
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//      https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

[[part7_writing_plugins]]
= Part 7: Writing Plugins

Learn the basics of writing and applying Gradle plugins.

****
**In this section, you will:**

- Add a custom task to the Plugin
- Apply the Plugin to a subproject
- Use the Plugin
****

[[part7_begin]]
== Step 0. Before you Begin

1. You initialized your Java app in <<part1_gradle_init_project.adoc#part1_begin,part 1>>.
2. You understand the Gradle Build Lifecycle from <<part2_build_lifecycle.adoc#part2_begin,part 2>>.
3. You added a subproject and a separate Build in <<part3_multi_project_builds#part3_begin, part3>>.
4. You viewed a Settings file in <<part4_settings_file.adoc#part4_begin,part 4>>.
5. You authored a Build script in <<part5_build_scripts.adoc#part5_begin,part 5>>.
6. You authored a Task in <<part6_writing_tasks.adoc#part6_begin,part 6>>.

== Step 1. Develop the Plugin

Let's tie our custom `LicenseTask` to our plugin.

Update the `LicensePlugin` with the code for the `Plugin` below (don't change anything else in the file):

[.multi-language-sample]
=====
.gradle/license-plugin/plugin/src/main/kotlin/license/LicensePlugin.kt
[source,kotlin]
----
class LicensePlugin: Plugin<Project> {
    override fun apply(project: Project) {
        project.tasks.register("license", LicenseTask::class.java) { task ->
            task.description = "add a license header to source code"   // Add description
            task.group = "from license plugin"                         // Add group
        }
    }
}
----
=====
[.multi-language-sample]
=====
.gradle/license-plugin/plugin/src/main/kotlin/license/LicensePlugin.groovy
[source, groovy]
----
class LicensePlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
    void apply(Project project) {
        project.tasks.register("license", LicenseTask) { task ->
            task.setDescription("add a license header to source code")  // Add description
            task.setGroup("from license plugin")                        // Add group
        }
    }
}
----
=====

== Step 2. Add a license.txt file

Add a file called `license.txt` to the root directory of the project and add the following text to it:

.license.txt
[source,text]
----
/*
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
----

== Step 3. Apply the Plugin

Apply the plugin to the `app` subproject (if not done already):

[.multi-language-sample]
=====
.app/build.gradle.kts
[source,kotlin]
----
plugins {
    application
    id("com.tutorial.license") // Apply custom plugin
}
----
=====
[.multi-language-sample]
=====
.app/build.gradle
[source, groovy]
----
plugins {
    id 'application'
    id('com.tutorial.license') // Apply custom plugin
}
----
=====

Make sure the plugin is correctly applied by listing the available tasks in the `app` subproject:

[source,bash]
----
$ ./gradlew :app:tasks
----
[source,text]
----
------------------------------------------------------------
Tasks runnable from project ':app'
------------------------------------------------------------

...

From license plugin tasks
-------------------------
license - add a license header to source code
----

== Step 4. Run the custom Task

Finally, it's time to run the new task.

First, let's inspect some source code:

.app/src/main/java/authoring/tutorial/App.java
[source,java]
----
package authoring.tutorial;

import com.gradle.CustomLib;

public class App {
    public String getGreeting() {
        return "CustomLib identifier is: " + CustomLib.identifier;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(new App().getGreeting());
    }
}
----

Next, let's run the task with `./gradlew :app:license`:

[source,bash]
----
$ ./gradlew :app:license
----
[source,text]
----
> Task :license-plugin:plugin:compileKotlin UP-TO-DATE
> Task :license-plugin:plugin:compileJava NO-SOURCE
> Task :license-plugin:plugin:pluginDescriptors UP-TO-DATE
> Task :license-plugin:plugin:processResources UP-TO-DATE
> Task :license-plugin:plugin:classes UP-TO-DATE
> Task :license-plugin:plugin:jar UP-TO-DATE

> Configure project :app

> Task :app:license

BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 410ms
5 actionable tasks: 1 executed, 4 up-to-date
----

Now inspect the same source code, which should include a license header:

.app/src/main/java/authoring/tutorial/App.java
[source,java]
----
/*
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package authoring.tutorial;

import com.gradle.CustomLib;

public class App {
    public String getGreeting() {
        return "CustomLib identifier is: " + CustomLib.identifier;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(new App().getGreeting());
    }
}
----

Congratulations, you have completed the tutorial!

== Step 4. Next steps

If you haven’t read the <<gradle_directories_intermediate.adoc#gradle_directories,Beyond the Basics>> section yet, we recommend starting there to learn important mid-level topics.

Already comfortable with intermediate concepts? Great — you’re ready to move on to the advanced concepts next.

[.text-right]
**Next Step:** <<getting_started_auth.adoc#plugin_introduction,Deep Dive Into Gradle>> >>

